我需要在 Java String 中找到第一對(duì)完整的括號(hào)，如果它是非嵌套的，則返回其內(nèi)容。當(dāng)前的問題是括號(hào)可能在不同的區(qū)域設(shè)置/語言中由不同的字符表示。我的第一個(gè)想法當(dāng)然是使用正則表達(dá)式。但是，如果使用類似 "\((.*)\)" 的東西，要確保當(dāng)前考慮的匹配中沒有嵌套括號(hào)似乎相當(dāng)困難（至少對(duì)我而言），似乎沒有Java 匹配器中可用的類括號(hào)字符。因此，我試圖更命令地解決問題，但偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)我需要處理的數(shù)據(jù)是不同語言的問題，并且根據(jù)語言環(huán)境的不同，括號(hào)中的字符也不同。西文: (), 中文 (Locale "zh"): （）package main;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.StringReader;import java.util.HashSet;import java.util.Set;public class FindParentheses { static public Set<String> searchNames(final String string) throws IOException { final Set<String> foundName = new HashSet<>(); final BufferedReader stringReader = new BufferedReader(new StringReader(string)); for (String line = stringReader.readLine(); line != null; line = stringReader.readLine()) { final int indexOfFirstOpeningBrace = line.indexOf('('); if (indexOfFirstOpeningBrace > -1) { final String afterFirstOpeningParenthesis = line.substring(indexOfFirstOpeningBrace + 1); final int indexOfNextOpeningParenthesis = afterFirstOpeningParenthesis.indexOf('('); final int indexOfNextClosingParenthesis = afterFirstOpeningParenthesis.indexOf(')'); /* * If the following condition is fulfilled, there is a simple braced expression * after the found product's short name. Otherwise, there may be an additional * nested pair of braces, or the closing brace may be missing, in which cases the * expression is rejected as a product's long name. */第二個(gè)帶中文括號(hào)的東西沒有找到，但是應(yīng)該有。當(dāng)然，我可能會(huì)匹配這些字符作為額外的特例，但由于我的項(xiàng)目使用 23 種語言，包括韓語和日語，我更喜歡找到任何一對(duì)括號(hào)的解決方案。
3 回答
阿晨1998
TA貢獻(xiàn)2037條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超6個(gè)贊
您可以使用\p{Ps}?Punctuation, Open?and?\p{Pe},?Punctuation, Close?, Unicode 類。
String par_paired_punct = "\\p{Ps}([^\\p{Ps}\\p{Pe}]*)\\p{Pe}";
它們比括號(hào)更匹配，但您可以“手動(dòng)”排除不需要的字符。
在 Punctuation, Open 類中，以下字符不是左括號(hào)或圓括號(hào)：
U+0F3A? TIBETAN MARK GUG RTAGS GYON ?? ?
U+0F3C? TIBETAN MARK ANG KHANG GYON ?? ?
U+169B? OGHAM FEATHER MARK? ?? ?
U+201A? SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK ?? ?
U+201E? DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK ?? ?
U+27C5? LEFT S-SHAPED BAG DELIMITER ?? ?
U+29D8? LEFT WIGGLY FENCE? ??? ?
U+29DA? LEFT DOUBLE WIGGLY FENCE? ? ?? ?
U+2E42? DOUBLE LOW-REVERSED-9 QUOTATION MARK? ? ?? ?
U+301D? REVERSED DOUBLE PRIME QUOTATION MARK? ? 〝? ?
U+FD3F? ORNATE RIGHT PARENTHESIS? ? ?? ?
在 Punctuation, Close 類中，以下不是成對(duì)的括號(hào)字符：
U+0F3B? TIBETAN MARK GUG RTAGS GYAS ?? ?
U+0F3D? TIBETAN MARK ANG KHANG GYAS ?? ?
U+169C? OGHAM REVERSED FEATHER MARK ?? ?
U+27C6? RIGHT S-SHAPED BAG DELIMITER? ? ?? ?
U+29D9? RIGHT WIGGLY FENCE? ?? ?
U+29DB? RIGHT DOUBLE WIGGLY FENCE? ??
U+301E? DOUBLE PRIME QUOTATION MARK 〞
U+301F? LOW DOUBLE PRIME QUOTATION MARK ?? ?
U+FD3E? ORNATE LEFT PARENTHESIS ?? ?
正則表達(dá)式看起來像
String par_rx = "[\\p{Ps}&&[^\\u0F3\\u0F3C\\u169B\\u201A\\u201E\\u27C5\\u29D8\\u29DA\\u2E42\\u301D\\uFD3F]]" +
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?"((?:[^\\p{Ps}\\p{Pe}]|[\\u0F3\\u0F3C\\u169B\\u201A\\u201E\\u27C5\\u29D8\\u29DA\\u2E42\\u301D\\uFD3F\\u0F3B\\u0F3D\\u169C\\u27C6\\u29D9\\u29DB\\u301E\\u301F\\uFD3E])*)" +
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?"[\\p{Pe}&&[^\\u0F3B\\u0F3D\\u169C\\u27C6\\u29D9\\u29DB\\u301E\\u301F\\uFD3E]]";
哆啦的時(shí)光機(jī)
TA貢獻(xiàn)1779條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超6個(gè)贊
我猜你可能想設(shè)計(jì)一個(gè)表達(dá)式，可能類似于：
[(（]\s*([^)）]*)\s*[)）]
在這些 char 類中，您想要的括號(hào)將放在何處：
[(（]
測(cè)試
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
public class re{
? ? public static void main(String[] args){
? ? ? ? final String regex = "[(（]\\s*([^)）]*)\\s*[)）]";
? ? ? ? final String string = "Something meaningful: shortName1 (LongName 1) Localization issue here: shortName2 （保險(xiǎn)絲2）. This one should be found, too. Easy again: shortName3 (LongName 3). Yet more random text... Something meaningful: shortName1 (LongName 1) Localization issue here: shortName2 （保險(xiǎn)絲2）. This one should be found, too. Easy again: shortName3 (LongName 3). Yet more random text...";
? ? ? ? final Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile(regex, Pattern.MULTILINE);
? ? ? ? final Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(string);
? ? ? ? while (matcher.find()) {
? ? ? ? ? ? System.out.println("Full match: " + matcher.group(0));
? ? ? ? ? ? for (int i = 1; i <= matcher.groupCount(); i++) {
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? System.out.println("Group " + i + ": " + matcher.group(i));
? ? ? ? ? ? }
? ? ? ? }
? ? }
}
輸出
Full match: (LongName 1)
Group 1: LongName 1
Full match: （保險(xiǎn)絲2）
Group 1: 保險(xiǎn)絲2
Full match: (LongName 3)
Group 1: LongName 3
Full match: (LongName 1)
Group 1: LongName 1
Full match: （保險(xiǎn)絲2）
Group 1: 保險(xiǎn)絲2
Full match: (LongName 3)
Group 1: LongName 3
另一種選擇是：
(?<=[(（])[^)）]*(?=[)）])? ??
這將輸出：
Full match: LongName 1
Full match: 保險(xiǎn)絲2
Full match: LongName 3
Full match: LongName 1
Full match: 保險(xiǎn)絲2
Full match: LongName 3
翻翻過去那場(chǎng)雪
TA貢獻(xiàn)2065條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超14個(gè)贊
我用它來枚舉所有相關(guān)字符；就我而言，所有括號(hào)都很有趣。
此外，我更愿意確保只考慮匹配的括號(hào)，這導(dǎo)致我在 Java 中使用了這個(gè)丑陋的正則表達(dá)式：
public?static?final?String?ANY_PARENTHESES?=?"\\([^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+\\)|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?|︵[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+︶|﹙[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+﹚|（[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+）|?[^\\(????????︵﹙（?\\)????????︶﹚）?]+?";
我實(shí)際上是用以下代碼構(gòu)造的：
我實(shí)際上是用以下代碼構(gòu)造的：
? ? public static final char LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\u0028', // (
? ? ? ? SUPERSCRIPT_LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\u207D', // ?
? ? ? ? SUBSCRIPT_LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\u208D', // ?
? ? ? ? MEDIUM_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT = '\u2768', // ?
? ? ? ? MEDIUM_FLATTENED_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT = '\u276A', // ?
? ? ? ? MATHEMATICAL_LEFT_FLATTENED_PARENTHESIS = '\u27EE', // ?
? ? ? ? LEFT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS = '\u2985', // ?
? ? ? ? LEFT_DOUBLE_PARENTHESIS = '\u2E28', // ?
? ? ? ? ORNATE_LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFD3E', // ?
? ? ? ? PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFE35', // ︵
? ? ? ? SMALL_LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFE59', // ﹙
? ? ? ? FULLWIDTH_LEFT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFF08', // （
? ? ? ? FULLWIDTH_LEFT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS = '\uFF5F'; // ?
? ? public static final char RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\u0029', // )
? ? ? ? SUPERSCRIPT_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\u207E', // ?
? ? ? ? SUBSCRIPT_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\u208E', // ?
? ? ? ? MEDIUM_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT = '\u2769', // ?
? ? ? ? MEDIUM_FLATTENED_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT = '\u276B', // ?
? ? ? ? MATHEMATICAL_RIGHT_FLATTENED_PARENTHESIS = '\u27EF', // ?
? ? ? ? RIGHT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS = '\u2986', // ?
? ? ? ? RIGHT_DOUBLE_PARENTHESIS = '\u2E29', // ?
? ? ? ? ORNATE_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFD3F', // ?
? ? ? ? PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFE36', // ︶
? ? ? ? SMALL_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFE5A', // ﹚
? ? ? ? FULLWIDTH_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS = '\uFF09', // ）
? ? ? ? FULLWIDTH_RIGHT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS = '\uFF60'; // ?
? ? public static final String NO_PARENTHESES = "[^\\" + LEFT_PARENTHESIS + SUPERSCRIPT_LEFT_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + SUBSCRIPT_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + MEDIUM_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT + MEDIUM_FLATTENED_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT
? ? ? ? + MATHEMATICAL_LEFT_FLATTENED_PARENTHESIS + LEFT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS + LEFT_DOUBLE_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + ORNATE_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + SMALL_LEFT_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + FULLWIDTH_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + FULLWIDTH_LEFT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS + "\\" + RIGHT_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + SUPERSCRIPT_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS + SUBSCRIPT_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS + MEDIUM_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT
? ? ? ? + MEDIUM_FLATTENED_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT + MATHEMATICAL_RIGHT_FLATTENED_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + RIGHT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS + RIGHT_DOUBLE_PARENTHESIS + ORNATE_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS + SMALL_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS + FULLWIDTH_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS
? ? ? ? + FULLWIDTH_RIGHT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS + "]+";
? ? public static final String PARENTHESES = "\\" + LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + "\\" + RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String SUPERSCRIPT_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + SUPERSCRIPT_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + SUPERSCRIPT_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String SUBSCRIPT_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + SUBSCRIPT_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + SUBSCRIPT_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String MEDIUM_PARENTHESES_ORNAMENT =
? ? ? ? "" + MEDIUM_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT + NO_PARENTHESES + MEDIUM_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT;
? ? public static final String MEDIUM_FLATTENED_PARENTHESES_ORNAMENT =
? ? ? ? "" + MEDIUM_FLATTENED_LEFT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT + NO_PARENTHESES + MEDIUM_FLATTENED_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS_ORNAMENT;
? ? public static final String MATHEMATICAL_FLATTENED_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + MATHEMATICAL_LEFT_FLATTENED_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + MATHEMATICAL_RIGHT_FLATTENED_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String WHITE_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + LEFT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + RIGHT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String DOUBLE_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + LEFT_DOUBLE_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + RIGHT_DOUBLE_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String ORNATE_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + ORNATE_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + ORNATE_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String SMALL_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + SMALL_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + SMALL_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String FULLWIDTH_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + FULLWIDTH_LEFT_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + FULLWIDTH_RIGHT_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final String FULLWIDTH_WHITE_PARENTHESES =
? ? ? ? "" + FULLWIDTH_LEFT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS + NO_PARENTHESES + FULLWIDTH_RIGHT_WHITE_PARENTHESIS;
? ? public static final char XOR = '|';
? ? public static final String ANY_PARENTHESES = PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + SUPERSCRIPT_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + SUBSCRIPT_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + MEDIUM_PARENTHESES_ORNAMENT
? ? ? ? + XOR + MEDIUM_FLATTENED_PARENTHESES_ORNAMENT
? ? ? ? + XOR + MATHEMATICAL_FLATTENED_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + WHITE_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + DOUBLE_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + ORNATE_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + PRESENTATION_FORM_FOR_VERTICAL_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + SMALL_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + FULLWIDTH_PARENTHESES
? ? ? ? + XOR + FULLWIDTH_WHITE_PARENTHESES;
但請(qǐng)注意，它不拒絕嵌套的括號(hào)。
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