我正在制作一個(gè) pygame 游戲，我希望我的敵人跟隨玩家并預(yù)測它的路徑。我不只是想縮短玩家和敵人之間的距離。敵人的數(shù)量會(huì)根據(jù)等級而定，每升3級就會(huì)增加一個(gè)新的敵人。我附上了我的整個(gè)代碼和一張截圖，顯示我的敵人目前正在直線移動(dòng)。
1 回答
泛舟湖上清波郎朗
TA貢獻(xiàn)1818條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超3個(gè)贊
為此你需要一些矢量數(shù)學(xué)，所以我建議重構(gòu)你的代碼并學(xué)習(xí)如何使用Sprites；你可以在這里找到一個(gè)例子。
要找到問題的答案（“預(yù)測路徑”），您可以在 google 上搜索intercept vectoror pursuit vector。那應(yīng)該會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些結(jié)果，例如如何計(jì)算截距的向量？或計(jì)算攔截矢量。
例如，我翻譯了第二個(gè)問題的最后一個(gè)答案并將其復(fù)制/粘貼到我的一個(gè)答案中，因?yàn)?a) 我懶得再寫一遍 b) 有一個(gè)代碼點(diǎn)我必須更改才能實(shí)現(xiàn)攔截邏輯（EnemyController類）。
import pygame
import random
import math
from pygame import Vector2
SPRITE_SHEET = None
GREEN_SHIP = pygame.Rect(0, 292, 32, 32)
RED_SHIP = pygame.Rect(0, 324, 32, 32)
BLUE_SHIP = pygame.Rect(0, 356, 32, 32)
YELLOW_SHIP = pygame.Rect(0, 388, 32, 32)
class EnemyController:
def __init__(self, target):
self.direction = Vector2(1, 0)
self.target = target
def update(self, sprite, events, dt):
k = self.target.vel.magnitude() / sprite.speed;
distance_to_target = (sprite.pos - self.target.pos).magnitude()
b_hat = self.target.vel
c_hat = sprite.pos - self.target.pos
CAB = b_hat.angle_to(c_hat)
ABC = math.asin(math.sin(CAB) * k)
ACB = math.pi - (CAB + ABC)
j = distance_to_target / math.sin(ACB)
a = j * math.sin(CAB)
b = j * math.sin(ABC)
time_to_collision = b / self.target.vel.magnitude() if self.target.vel.magnitude() > 0 else 1
collision_pos = self.target.pos + (self.target.vel * time_to_collision)
v = sprite.pos - collision_pos
if v.length() > 0:
sprite.direction = -v.normalize()
if v.length() <= 10:
sprite.pos = pygame.Vector2(400, 100)
class PlayerController:
movement = {
pygame.K_UP: Vector2( 0, -1),
pygame.K_DOWN: Vector2( 0, 1),
pygame.K_LEFT: Vector2(-1, 0),
pygame.K_RIGHT: Vector2( 1, 0)
}
def update(self, sprite, events, dt):
pressed = pygame.key.get_pressed()
v = Vector2(0, 0)
for key in PlayerController.movement:
if pressed[key]:
v += PlayerController.movement[key]
sprite.direction = v
for e in events:
if e.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if e.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
sprite.groups()[0].add(Explosion(sprite.pos))
class Animation:
def __init__(self, frames, speed, sprite):
self.sprite = sprite
self.speed = speed
self.ticks = 0
self.frames = frames
self.running = 0
self.start()
def cycle_func(self, iterable):
saved = []
for element in iterable:
yield element
saved.append(element)
if hasattr(self.sprite, 'on_animation_end'):
self.sprite.on_animation_end()
while saved:
for element in saved:
yield element
if hasattr(self.sprite, 'on_animation_end'):
self.sprite.on_animation_end()
def stop(self):
self.running = 0
if self.idle_image:
self.sprite.image = self.idle_image
def start(self):
if not self.running:
self.running = 1
self.cycle = self.cycle_func(self.frames)
self.sprite.image = next(self.cycle)
def update(self, dt):
self.ticks += dt
if self.ticks >= self.speed:
self.ticks = self.ticks % self.speed
if self.running:
self.sprite.image = next(self.cycle)
class AnimatedSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
def __init__(self, pos, frames, speed):
super().__init__()
self.animation = Animation(frames, speed, self)
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=pos)
self.pos = Vector2(pos)
self.animation.start()
def update(self, events, dt):
self.animation.update(dt)
class Explosion(AnimatedSprite):
frames = None
def __init__(self, pos):
if not Explosion.frames:
Explosion.frames = parse_sprite_sheet(SPRITE_SHEET, pygame.Rect(0, 890, 64, 64), 6, 4)
super().__init__(pos, Explosion.frames, 50)
def on_animation_end(self):
self.kill()
class DirectionalImageSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
directions = [(1,0),(1,-1),(0,-1),(-1,-1),(-1,0),(-1,1),(0,1),(1,1),(0,0)]
def __init__(self, pos, directional_images_rect):
super().__init__()
images = parse_sprite_sheet(SPRITE_SHEET, directional_images_rect, 9, 1)
self.images = { x: img for (x, img) in zip(DirectionalImageSprite.directions, images) }
self.direction = Vector2(0, 0)
self.image = self.images[(self.direction.x, self.direction.y)]
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(center=pos)
self.pos = pygame.Vector2(pos)
class SpaceShip(DirectionalImageSprite):
def __init__(self, pos, controller, directional_images_rect):
super().__init__(pos, directional_images_rect)
self.controller = controller
self.speed = 2
self.vel = pygame.Vector2(0, 0)
def update(self, events, dt):
super().update(events, dt)
if self.controller:
self.controller.update(self, events, dt)
self.vel = Vector2(0, 0)
if (self.direction.x, self.direction.y) in self.images:
self.image = self.images[(self.direction.x, self.direction.y)]
if self.direction.length():
self.vel = self.direction.normalize() * self.speed
self.pos += self.vel
self.rect.center = int(self.pos[0]), int(self.pos[1])
def parse_sprite_sheet(sheet, start_rect, frames_in_row, lines):
frames = []
rect = start_rect.copy()
for _ in range(lines):
for _ in range(frames_in_row):
frame = sheet.subsurface(rect)
frames.append(frame)
rect.move_ip(rect.width, 0)
rect.move_ip(0, rect.height)
rect.x = start_rect.x
return frames
def main():
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((800, 600))
global SPRITE_SHEET
SPRITE_SHEET = pygame.image.load("ipLRR.png").convert_alpha()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
dt = 0
player = SpaceShip((400, 300), PlayerController(), YELLOW_SHIP)
enemy = SpaceShip((400, 100), EnemyController(player), GREEN_SHIP)
enemy.speed = 4
all_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group(
player,
enemy
)
while True:
events = pygame.event.get()
for e in events:
if e.type == pygame.QUIT:
return
all_sprites.update(events, dt)
screen.fill((0, 0, 0))
all_sprites.draw(screen)
pygame.display.flip()
dt = clock.tick(120)
main()
https://i.stack.imgur.com/lapWw.gif
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