我想打印一條信息性消息以從測試中進(jìn)行控制臺，但沒有詳細(xì)的測試輸出。我嘗試使用以下方法從測試中打?。篺mt.Println("my message") // STDOUTfmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, "my message") // STDERRt.Log("my message\n") // testing.T loggo test -v如果使用，它們都產(chǎn)生在控制臺中顯示的相同效果，但如果只是go test使用則不顯示。但是，使用go test -v，我還得到了所有詳細(xì)的測試輸出，例如：=== RUN My_Test--- PASS: My_Test (0.07s)go help testflag說：-v Verbose output: log all tests as they are run. Also print all text from Log and Logf calls even if the test succeeds.但我想要的是不在所有測試運(yùn)行時記錄它們，但 即使測試成功，仍然打印來自 Log 和 Logf 調(diào)用的所有文本有沒有辦法從測試中打印可見消息，但看不到RUN和PASS消息？
3 回答
嚕嚕噠
TA貢獻(xiàn)1784條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超7個贊
出于顯而易見的原因，測試框架“劫持”了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)輸出和錯誤流。所以無論如何，對這些流的寫入是否出現(xiàn)在輸出中是由測試框架控制的，除了顯示或隱藏所有使用標(biāo)志之外，它沒有提供“自定義”它的方法-v。
你可以做的是使用-json測試標(biāo)志：
-json
Log verbose output and test results in JSON. This presents the
same information as the -v flag in a machine-readable format.
因此，您獲得了原本使用 獲得的所有輸出-v，但每一行都有一個單獨(dú)的 JSON 對象。
具有此測試功能：
func TestMy_Test(t *testing.T) {
fmt.Println("[custom] my message from fmt.Println")
}
的輸出go test -v .
=== RUN TestMy_Test
[custom] my message from fmt.Println
--- PASS: TestMy_Test (0.00s)
PASS
ok github.com/icza/play 0.002s
的輸出go test -json .
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.712800797+02:00","Action":"run","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.71293072+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Output":"=== RUN TestMy_Test\n"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.712946548+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Output":"[custom] my message from fmt.Println\n"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.712954637+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Output":"--- PASS: TestMy_Test (0.00s)\n"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.712958774+02:00","Action":"pass","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Elapsed":0}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.712964812+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Output":"PASS\n"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.713170439+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Output":"ok \tgithub.com/icza/play\t0.002s\n"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:26:26.713573313+02:00","Action":"pass","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Elapsed":0.003}
您可以編寫一個簡單的應(yīng)用程序來處理和過濾這些 JSON 對象。或者您可以像過濾任何其他輸出一樣過濾輸出。
的輸出go test -json . |grep '\[custom\]'
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:28:24.197077681+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Output":"[custom] my message from fmt.Println\n"}
如果您還想要“通過”或“失敗”消息，請運(yùn)行g(shù)o test -json . |grep '"pass"\|"fail"\|\[custom\]'
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:29:26.069181336+02:00","Action":"output","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Output":"[custom] my message from fmt.Println\n"}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:29:26.069189228+02:00","Action":"pass","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Test":"TestMy_Test","Elapsed":0}
{"Time":"2022-05-10T09:29:26.069199239+02:00","Action":"pass","Package":"github.com/icza/play","Elapsed":0}
忽然笑
TA貢獻(xiàn)1806條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超5個贊
雖然這在測試期間不打印，但它會在測試后立即打印，這比根本不打印要好。
在您的測試文件中定義一個os.File以將消息寫入：
var messagesFile *os.File
func messages() *os.File {
if messagesFile == nil {
messagesFile, _ = os.Create("tests.out")
}
return messagesFile
}
os.Create如果文件不存在則創(chuàng)建一個新文件，否則截?cái)喱F(xiàn)有文件。
在您的測試中，將消息寫入該文件：
messages().WriteString("my message")
使用 運(yùn)行測試go test，然后cat使用文件。就我而言，我使用make：
test:
go test .
@cat tests.out
輸出看起來像：
ok <path to tests>
my message
慕運(yùn)維8079593
TA貢獻(xiàn)1876條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超5個贊
您可以創(chuàng)建自己的日志功能并將其用于在屏幕上打印
func Log(args ...interface{}) {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stdout, args...)
}
您還可以根據(jù)通過標(biāo)志傳遞的條件打印日志
var p = flag.Bool("p", false, "Enable Local Logging")
func MyLog(args ...interface{}) {
if *p {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stdout, args...)
}
}
例子
package main
import (
"fmt"
"testing"
"os"
"flag"
)
var p = flag.Bool("p", false, "Enable Local Logging")
func Log(args ...interface{}) {
if *p {
fmt.Fprintln(os.Stdout, args...)
}
}
func IntMin(a, b int) int {
if a < b {
return a
}
return b
}
func TestIntMinBasic(t *testing.T) {
ans := IntMin(2, -2)
if ans != -2 {
t.Errorf("IntMin(2, -2) = %d; want -2", ans)
}
}
func TestIntMinTableDriven(t *testing.T) {
var tests = []struct {
a, b int
want int
}{
{0, 1, 0},
{1, 0, 0},
{2, -2, -2},
{0, -1, -1},
{-1, 0, -1},
}
Log("Print to Screen")
for _, tt := range tests {
testname := fmt.Sprintf("%d,%d", tt.a, tt.b)
t.Run(testname, func(t *testing.T) {
ans := IntMin(tt.a, tt.b)
if ans != tt.want {
t.Errorf("got %d, want %d", ans, tt.want)
}
})
}
}
func BenchmarkIntMin(b *testing.B) {
for i := 0; i < b.N; i++ {
IntMin(1, 2)
}
}
并傳遞您可以使用的標(biāo)志-args
-args將命令行的其余部分（-args 之后的所有內(nèi)容）傳遞給測試二進(jìn)制文件，不進(jìn)行解釋和更改。因?yàn)檫@個標(biāo)志占用了命令行的其余部分，所以包列表（如果存在）必須出現(xiàn)在這個標(biāo)志之前。
命令示例：
go test -args -p
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