我正在用 Python 進行一些數(shù)據(jù)分析，并且正在使用 Seaborn 進行可視化。Seaborn 非常適合創(chuàng)建熱圖。我試圖強調(diào)熱圖中每一列的最大值。通過將它們設(shè)置為斜體和粗體，我能夠正確突出顯示最大單元格中的文本。盡管如此，我還是沒有辦法強調(diào)它。這是我的代碼示例：data_matrix = < extract my data and put them into a matrix >max_in_each_column = np.max(data_matrix, axis=0)sns.heatmap(data_matrix, mask=data_matrix == max_in_each_column, linewidth=0.5, annot=True, xticklabels=my_x_tick_labels, yticklabels=my_y_tick_labels, cmap="coolwarm_r")sns.heatmap(data_matrix, mask=data_matrix != max_in_each_column, annot_kws={"style": "italic", "weight": "bold"}, linewidth=0.5, annot=True, xticklabels=my_x_tick_labels, yticklabels=my_y_tick_labels, cbar=False, cmap="coolwarm_r")這是我目前的結(jié)果：當(dāng)然我嘗試過使用 argument annot_kws={"style": "underlined"}，但顯然在 Seaborn 中，“style”鍵只支持值“normal”、“italic”或“oblique”。有解決方法嗎？
1 回答
縹緲止盈
TA貢獻2041條經(jīng)驗 獲得超4個贊
是的，您可以在文本中使用 tex 命令解決您的問題?；舅枷胧悄褂?的annot鍵seaborn.heatmap將字符串?dāng)?shù)組分配為文本標(biāo)簽。這些包含您的數(shù)據(jù)值 + 一些 tex 前綴/后綴，以允許 tex 使它們變?yōu)榇煮w/強調(diào)（斜體）/下劃線或其他任何內(nèi)容。
一個例子（帶有隨機數(shù)）：
# random data
data_matrix = np.round(np.random.rand(10, 10), decimals=2)
max_in_each_column = np.max(data_matrix, axis=0)
# Activating tex in all labels globally
plt.rc('text', usetex=True)
# Adjust font specs as desired (here: closest similarity to seaborn standard)
plt.rc('font', **{'size': 14.0})
plt.rc('text.latex', preamble=r'\usepackage{lmodern}')
# remains unchanged
sns.heatmap(data_matrix,
mask=data_matrix == max_in_each_column,
linewidth=0.5,
annot=True,
cmap="coolwarm_r")
# changes here
sns.heatmap(data_matrix,
mask=data_matrix != max_in_each_column,
linewidth=0.5,
# Use annot key with np.array as value containing strings of data + latex
# prefixes/suffices making the bold/italic/underline formatting
annot=np.array([r'\textbf{\emph{\underline{' + str(data) + '}}}'
for data in data_matrix.ravel()]).reshape(
np.shape(data_matrix)),
# fmt key must be empty, formatting error otherwise
fmt='',
cbar=False,
cmap="coolwarm_r")
plt.show()
進一步解釋注解數(shù)組：
# For all matrix_elements in your 2D data array (2D requires the .ravel() and .reshape()
# stuff at the end) construct in sum a 2D data array consisting of strings
# \textbf{\emph{\underline{<matrix_element>}}}. Each string will be represented by tex as
# a bold, italic and underlined representation of the matrix_element
np.array([r'\textbf{\emph{\underline{' + str(data) + '}}}'
for data in data_matrix.ravel()]).reshape(np.shape(data_matrix))
由此產(chǎn)生的情節(jié)基本上是你想要的：
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