我一直在嘗試做一個正則表達式來匹配和替換HTML一部分上關鍵字的出現(xiàn)：我想匹配keyword和<strong>keyword</strong>但是<a href="someurl.html" target="_blank">keyword</a>并且<a href="someur2.html">already linked keyword </a>不應該匹配我只對keyword第一行的匹配（和替換）感興趣。我想要此操作的原因是將其替換keyword為<a href="dictionary.php?k=keyword">keyword</s>，但僅當keyword它尚未位于<a>標記中時才可以。任何幫助都感激不盡！
3 回答
炎炎設計
TA貢獻1808條經(jīng)驗 獲得超4個贊
$str = preg_replace('~Moses(?!(?>[^<]*(?:<(?!/?a\b)[^<]*)*)</a>)~i',
'<a href="novo-mega-link.php">$0</a>', $str);
否定前瞻中的表達式與下一個結(jié)束</a>標記匹配，但前提是它首先沒有看到開始<a>標記。如果成功，則表示單詞Moses在錨元素內(nèi)，因此超前失敗，并且不會發(fā)生匹配。
森欄
TA貢獻1810條經(jīng)驗 獲得超5個贊
我設法通過以下方式完成了我想做的事情（不使用Regex）：
解析字符串的每個字符
刪除所有<a>標簽（將它們復制到臨時數(shù)組并在字符串上保留占位符）
str_replace 新字符串以替換所有關鍵字
通過原始<a>標簽重新填充占位符
如果有人需要，這是我使用的代碼：
$str = <<<STRA
Moses supposes his toeses are roses,
but <a href="original-moses1.html">Moses</a> supposes erroneously;
for nobody's toeses are posies of roses,
as Moses supposes his toeses to be.
Ganda <span class="cenas"><a href="original-moses2.html" target="_blank">Moses</a></span>!
STRA;
$arr1 = str_split($str);
$arr_links = array();
$phrase_holder = '';
$current_a = 0;
$goto_arr_links = false;
$close_a = false;
foreach($arr1 as $k => $v)
{
if ($close_a == true)
{
if ($v == '>') {
$close_a = false;
}
continue;
}
if ($goto_arr_links == true)
{
$arr_links[$current_a] .= $v;
}
if ($v == '<' && $arr1[$k+1] == 'a') { /* <a */
// keep collecting every char until </a>
$arr_links[$current_a] .= $v;
$goto_arr_links = true;
} elseif ($v == '<' && $arr1[$k+1] == '/' && $arr1[$k+2] == 'a' && $arr1[$k+3] == '>' ) { /* </a> */
$arr_links[$current_a] .= "/a>";
$goto_arr_links = false;
$close_a = true;
$phrase_holder .= "{%$current_a%}"; /* put a parameter holder on the phrase */
$current_a++;
}
elseif ($goto_arr_links == false) {
$phrase_holder .= $v;
}
}
echo "Links Array:\n";
print_r($arr_links);
echo "\n\n\nPhrase Holder:\n";
echo $phrase_holder;
echo "\n\n\n(pre) Final Phrase (with my keyword replaced):\n";
$final_phrase = str_replace("Moses", "<a href=\"novo-mega-link.php\">Moses</a>", $phrase_holder);
echo $final_phrase;
echo "\n\n\nFinal Phrase:\n";
foreach($arr_links as $k => $v)
{
$final_phrase = str_replace("{%$k%}", $v, $final_phrase);
}
echo $final_phrase;
輸出：
鏈接數(shù)組：
Array
(
[0] => <a href="original-moses1.html">Moses</a>
[1] => <a href="original-moses2.html" target="_blank">Moses</a>
)
詞組：
Moses supposes his toeses are roses,
but {%0%} supposes erroneously;
for nobody's toeses are posies of roses,
as Moses supposes his toeses to be.
Ganda <span class="cenas">{%1%}</span>!
（上）最終詞組（替換為我的關鍵字）：
<a href="novo-mega-link.php">Moses</a> supposes his toeses are roses,
but {%0%} supposes erroneously;
for nobody's toeses are posies of roses,
as <a href="novo-mega-link.php">Moses</a> supposes his toeses to be.
Ganda <span class="cenas">{%1%}</span>!
最終詞組：
<a href="novo-mega-link.php">Moses</a> supposes his toeses are roses,
but <a href="original-moses1.html">Moses</a> supposes erroneously;
for nobody's toeses are posies of roses,
as <a href="novo-mega-link.php">Moses</a> supposes his toeses to be.
Ganda <span class="cenas"><a href="original-moses2.html" target="_blank">Moses</a></span>!
繁星淼淼
TA貢獻1775條經(jīng)驗 獲得超11個贊
$lines = explode( "\n", $content );
$lines[0] = stri_replace( "keyword", "replacement", $lines[0] );
$content = implode( "\n", $lines );
或者如果您明確想使用正則表達式
$lines = explode( "\n", $content );
$lines[0] = preg_replace( "/keyword/i", "replacement", $lines[0] );
$content = implode( "\n", $lines );
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