TA貢獻(xiàn)1815條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超10個(gè)贊
有關(guān)如何執(zhí)行此操作的文檔可以在MSDN上找到。關(guān)鍵摘錄是這樣的：
要以編程方式添加或修改系統(tǒng)環(huán)境變量，請(qǐng)將它們添加到HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE \ System \ CurrentControlSet \ Control \ Session Manager \ Environment注冊(cè)表項(xiàng)中，然后廣播一條WM_SETTINGCHANGE消息，其中l(wèi)Param設(shè)置為字符串“ Environment”。這使應(yīng)用程序（例如外殼程序）可以獲取您的更新。
請(qǐng)注意，您的應(yīng)用程序?qū)⑿枰嵘墓芾韱T權(quán)限才能修改此密鑰。
您可以在評(píng)論中指出您很樂意僅修改每個(gè)用戶的環(huán)境。通過編輯HKEY_CURRENT_USER \ Environment中的值來執(zhí)行此操作。和以前一樣，請(qǐng)確保您廣播了一條WM_SETTINGCHANGE消息。
您應(yīng)該能夠使用JNI注冊(cè)表類在Java應(yīng)用程序中輕松地完成此操作。
TA貢獻(xiàn)1873條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超9個(gè)贊
您可以使用：
setx PATH "%PATH%;C:\\Something\\bin"
但是，setx會(huì)將存儲(chǔ)的字符串截?cái)酁?024個(gè)字節(jié)，可能會(huì)損壞PATH。
/M將更改PATHin HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE而不是HKEY_CURRENT_USER。換句話說，是系統(tǒng)變量，而不是用戶變量。例如：
SETX /M PATH "%PATH%;C:\your path with spaces"
您必須記住，新的PATH在您當(dāng)前的中不可見cmd.exe。
但是，如果您查看注冊(cè)表或使用新的注冊(cè)表cmd.exe，則"set p"可以看到新值。
TA貢獻(xiàn)1863條經(jīng)驗(yàn) 獲得超2個(gè)贊
這個(gè)Python腳本[*]正是這樣做的：
"""
Show/Modify/Append registry env-vars (ie `PATH`) and notify Windows-applications to pickup changes.
First attempts to show/modify HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE (all users), and
if not accessible due to admin-rights missing, fails-back
to HKEY_CURRENT_USER.
Write and Delete operations do not proceed to user-tree if all-users succeed.
Syntax:
{prog} : Print all env-vars.
{prog} VARNAME : Print value for VARNAME.
{prog} VARNAME VALUE : Set VALUE for VARNAME.
{prog} +VARNAME VALUE : Append VALUE in VARNAME delimeted with ';' (i.e. used for `PATH`).
{prog} -VARNAME : Delete env-var value.
Note that the current command-window will not be affected,
changes would apply only for new command-windows.
"""
import winreg
import os, sys, win32gui, win32con
def reg_key(tree, path, varname):
return '%s\%s:%s' % (tree, path, varname)
def reg_entry(tree, path, varname, value):
return '%s=%s' % (reg_key(tree, path, varname), value)
def query_value(key, varname):
value, type_id = winreg.QueryValueEx(key, varname)
return value
def yield_all_entries(tree, path, key):
i = 0
while True:
try:
n,v,t = winreg.EnumValue(key, i)
yield reg_entry(tree, path, n, v)
i += 1
except OSError:
break ## Expected, this is how iteration ends.
def notify_windows(action, tree, path, varname, value):
win32gui.SendMessage(win32con.HWND_BROADCAST, win32con.WM_SETTINGCHANGE, 0, 'Environment')
print("---%s %s" % (action, reg_entry(tree, path, varname, value)), file=sys.stderr)
def manage_registry_env_vars(varname=None, value=None):
reg_keys = [
('HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE', r'SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment'),
('HKEY_CURRENT_USER', r'Environment'),
]
for (tree_name, path) in reg_keys:
tree = eval('winreg.%s'%tree_name)
try:
with winreg.ConnectRegistry(None, tree) as reg:
with winreg.OpenKey(reg, path, 0, winreg.KEY_ALL_ACCESS) as key:
if not varname:
for regent in yield_all_entries(tree_name, path, key):
print(regent)
else:
if not value:
if varname.startswith('-'):
varname = varname[1:]
value = query_value(key, varname)
winreg.DeleteValue(key, varname)
notify_windows("Deleted", tree_name, path, varname, value)
break ## Don't propagate into user-tree.
else:
value = query_value(key, varname)
print(reg_entry(tree_name, path, varname, value))
else:
if varname.startswith('+'):
varname = varname[1:]
value = query_value(key, varname) + ';' + value
winreg.SetValueEx(key, varname, 0, winreg.REG_EXPAND_SZ, value)
notify_windows("Updated", tree_name, path, varname, value)
break ## Don't propagate into user-tree.
except PermissionError as ex:
print("!!!Cannot access %s due to: %s" %
(reg_key(tree_name, path, varname), ex), file=sys.stderr)
except FileNotFoundError as ex:
print("!!!Cannot find %s due to: %s" %
(reg_key(tree_name, path, varname), ex), file=sys.stderr)
if __name__=='__main__':
args = sys.argv
argc = len(args)
if argc > 3:
print(__doc__.format(prog=args[0]), file=sys.stderr)
sys.exit()
manage_registry_env_vars(*args[1:])
下面是一些用法示例，假設(shè)已將其保存在setenv.py當(dāng)前路徑中某個(gè)位置的文件中。請(qǐng)注意，在這些示例中，我沒有admin權(quán)限，因此更改僅影響本地用戶的注冊(cè)表樹：
> REM ## Print all env-vars
> setenv.py
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH=...
...
> REM ## Query env-var:
> setenv.py PATH C:\foo
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
!!!Cannot find HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 2] The system cannot find the file specified
> REM ## Set env-var:
> setenv.py PATH C:\foo
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
---Set HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH=C:\foo
> REM ## Append env-var:
> setenv.py +PATH D:\Bar
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
---Set HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH=C:\foo;D:\Bar
> REM ## Delete env-var:
> setenv.py -PATH
!!!Cannot access HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Session Manager\Environment:PATH due to: [WinError 5] Access is denied
---Deleted HKEY_CURRENT_USER\Environment:PATH
[*]改編自：http : //code.activestate.com/recipes/416087-persistent-environment-variables-on-windows/
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