當(dāng)我讀到這篇文章時，這聽起來像是一個艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)，所以我決定想出一個辦法。我想出的是瘋狂但它完全有效。
首先，我嘗試在直接函數(shù)中定義類，這樣您就可以訪問該函數(shù)的一些私有屬性。這可以讓您獲得一些私有數(shù)據(jù)，但是，如果您試圖設(shè)置私有數(shù)據(jù)，您很快就會發(fā)現(xiàn)所有對象都將共享相同的值。
var SharedPrivateClass = (function() { // use immediate function
// our private data
var private = "Default";
// create the constructor
function SharedPrivateClass() {}
// add to the prototype
SharedPrivateClass.prototype.getPrivate = function() {
// It has access to private vars from the immediate function!
return private;
};
SharedPrivateClass.prototype.setPrivate = function(value) {
private = value;
};
return SharedPrivateClass;
})();
var a = new SharedPrivateClass();
console.log("a:", a.getPrivate()); // "a: Default"
var b = new SharedPrivateClass();
console.log("b:", b.getPrivate()); // "b: Default"
a.setPrivate("foo"); // a Sets private to "foo"
console.log("a:", a.getPrivate()); // "a: foo"
console.log("b:", b.getPrivate()); // oh no, b.getPrivate() is "foo"!
console.log(a.hasOwnProperty("getPrivate")); // false. belongs to the prototype
console.log(a.private); // undefined
// getPrivate() is only created once and instanceof still works
console.log(a.getPrivate === b.getPrivate);
console.log(a instanceof SharedPrivateClass);
console.log(b instanceof SharedPrivateClass);
有很多情況下，這將是足夠的，例如，如果您希望有常量的值，如事件名稱，并在實例之間共享。但本質(zhì)上，它們的作用就像私有的靜態(tài)變量。
如果您絕對需要從原型上定義的方法中訪問私有命名空間中的變量，則可以嘗試此模式。
var PrivateNamespaceClass = (function() { // immediate function
var instance = 0, // counts the number of instances
defaultName = "Default Name",
p = []; // an array of private objects
// create the constructor
function PrivateNamespaceClass() {
// Increment the instance count and save it to the instance.
// This will become your key to your private space.
this.i = instance++;
// Create a new object in the private space.
p[this.i] = {};
// Define properties or methods in the private space.
p[this.i].name = defaultName;
console.log("New instance " + this.i);
}
PrivateNamespaceClass.prototype.getPrivateName = function() {
// It has access to the private space and it's children!
return p[this.i].name;
};
PrivateNamespaceClass.prototype.setPrivateName = function(value) {
// Because you use the instance number assigned to the object (this.i)
// as a key, the values set will not change in other instances.
p[this.i].name = value;
return "Set " + p[this.i].name;
};
return PrivateNamespaceClass;
})();
var a = new PrivateNamespaceClass();
console.log(a.getPrivateName()); // Default Name
var b = new PrivateNamespaceClass();
console.log(b.getPrivateName()); // Default Name
console.log(a.setPrivateName("A"));
console.log(b.setPrivateName("B"));
console.log(a.getPrivateName()); // A
console.log(b.getPrivateName()); // B
// private objects are not accessible outside the PrivateNamespaceClass function
console.log(a.p);
// the prototype functions are not re-created for each instance
// and instanceof still works
console.log(a.getPrivateName === b.getPrivateName);
console.log(a instanceof PrivateNamespaceClass);
console.log(b instanceof PrivateNamespaceClass);
我希望任何看到錯誤的人都能給我一些反饋。
