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java的網(wǎng)絡(luò)支持

socket通信實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟

socket通信模型

socket通信

TCP/IP模型

基于UDP的多線程登陸

/**
*?服務(wù)器端，實(shí)現(xiàn)基于UDP的用戶登錄?
*?@author?Strawberry?
*
*/
public?class?Test006_UDPServer?{	
????public?static?void?main(String[]?args)?throws?IOException?{
????//創(chuàng)建服務(wù)器DatagramSocket，并指定端口		
????DatagramSocket?datagramSocket=new?DatagramSocket(8800);		
????//創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)，用于接收客戶端信息		
????byte[]?data=new?byte[1024];		
????int?count=0;		
????System.out.println("***Server?start,?waiting?data?from?client..***");		
????//開(kāi)始接收客戶端信息		
???????while(true){			
??????????DatagramPacket?datagramPacket=new?DatagramPacket(data,?data.length);			
??????????datagramSocket.receive(datagramPacket);//此方法在接收到數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)之前會(huì)一直阻塞			
??????????Test006_ServerThread?serverThread=new?Test006_ServerThread(datagramSocket,?datagramPacket);			
??????????serverThread.start();			
??????????count++;			
??????????System.out.println("client?connected:"+count);			
??????????serverThread.sendData();		
???????}				
???//關(guān)閉資源
???//datagramSocket.close();	
??}
}

/**?
*??線程處理類?
*?@author?Strawberry?
*?
*/
public?class?Test006_ServerThread?extends?Thread{	
??DatagramSocket?datagramSocket=null;	
??DatagramPacket?datagramPacket=null;		
??
??public?Test006_ServerThread(DatagramSocket?datagramSocket,DatagramPacket?datagramPacket){				
??????this.datagramSocket=datagramSocket;		
??????this.datagramPacket=datagramPacket;	
??}	
??
??public?void?run(){			
??????//接收客戶端信息			
??????byte[]?data=datagramPacket.getData();			
??????String?info=new?String(data,?0,?datagramPacket.getLength());			
??????System.out.println("[Info?from?client]:???"+info);	
??}	
??????
??public?void?sendData(){		
???????//響應(yīng)客戶端信息		
??????try?{			
??????????InetAddress?address=datagramPacket.getAddress();			
??????????int?port=datagramPacket.getPort();			
??????????String?info2="Login?Success!";			
??????????byte[]?data2=info2.getBytes();			
??????????DatagramPacket?datagramPacket2=new?DatagramPacket(data2,?data2.length,?address,?port);			
??????????datagramSocket.send(datagramPacket2);		
??????}?catch?(IOException?e)?{			
??????????//?TODO?Auto-generated?catch?block			
??????????e.printStackTrace();		
??????}	
??}
}

TCP/IP模型

Socket總結(jié):

Socket通信原理? 基于TCP的Socket通信

經(jīng)驗(yàn)與技巧：

多線程的優(yōu)先級(jí)/是否關(guān)閉輸出流和輸入流/使用TCP通信傳輸對(duì)象/socke編程傳遞文件

基于UDP客戶端實(shí)現(xiàn)：

//1、定義服務(wù)器的地址、端口號(hào)、數(shù)據(jù)

InetAddress address=InetAddress.getByName("localhost");

int port=8800;

byte[] data="用戶名：admin;密碼：123".getBytes();

//2、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)，包含發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)信息

DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(data, data.length,address,port);

//3、創(chuàng)建DatagramSocket對(duì)象

DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket();

//4、向服務(wù)器端發(fā)送數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)

socket.send(packet);

服務(wù)器端實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟：

1、創(chuàng)建DatagramSocket,指定端口號(hào)

2、創(chuàng)建DatagramPacket

3、接受客戶端發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)信息

4、讀取信息

服務(wù)器端實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟

1、定義發(fā)送信息

2、創(chuàng)建DatagramPacket包含需發(fā)送的信息

3、創(chuàng)建DatagramSocket

4、發(fā)送信息

服務(wù)器端實(shí)現(xiàn)：

//1、創(chuàng)建服務(wù)器端DatagramSocket，指定端口

DatagramSocket socket=new DatagramSocket(8888);

//2、創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)，用于接收客戶端發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)

byte[] data=new byte[1024];//創(chuàng)建字節(jié)數(shù)組，指定接受的數(shù)據(jù)包的大小

DatagramPacket packet=new DatagramPacket(data,data.length);

//3、接收客戶端發(fā)送的數(shù)據(jù)

socket.receive(packet);//此方法在接收到數(shù)據(jù)包之前會(huì)一直阻塞

//4、讀取數(shù)據(jù)

String info=new String(data,0,packet.getLength());

System.out.println("我是服務(wù)器，客戶端發(fā)送信息："+info);

UDP協(xié)議（用戶數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)協(xié)議）是無(wú)連接、不可靠、無(wú)序的

UDP協(xié)議以數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)作為數(shù)據(jù)傳輸載體。進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)傳輸時(shí)，首先需要將要傳輸?shù)臄?shù)據(jù)定義成數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)（Datagram），在數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)中指明數(shù)據(jù)所要達(dá)到的Socket(主機(jī)地址和端口號(hào))，然后再將數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)發(fā)送出去

DatagramPacket：表示數(shù)據(jù)報(bào)包

DatagramSocket:進(jìn)行端到端通信的類

多線程實(shí)現(xiàn)多客戶端的通信：

創(chuàng)建服務(wù)器線程處理類,傳遞監(jiān)聽(tīng)到的客戶端Socket,重寫(xiě)run()方法實(shí)現(xiàn)讀取客戶端信息并反饋客戶端

//在服務(wù)端中循環(huán)監(jiān)聽(tīng)等待客戶端的連接實(shí)現(xiàn)多線程

while(true) {

//調(diào)用accept()監(jiān)聽(tīng)，等待客戶端的連接

socket=serverSocket.accept();

//創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的線程

ServerThread serverThread=new ServerThread(socket);

//啟動(dòng)線程

serverThread.start();

count++;

System.out.println("客戶端數(shù)量為："+count);

InetAddress address=socket.getInetAddress();

System.out.println("客戶端ip地址為："+address.getHostAddress());

}

服務(wù)器響應(yīng)客戶端：

//獲取輸出流響應(yīng)客戶端請(qǐng)求

OutputStream os=socket.getOutputStream();

PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(os);//包裝成打印流

pw.println("登陸成功");

pw.flush();//調(diào)用flush()方法將緩沖輸出

//獲取輸入流，讀取服務(wù)端的相應(yīng)信息

InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();

BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));

String info=null;

while((info=br.readLine())!=null) {

System.out.println("服務(wù)器反饋："+info);

}

客戶端：

//1、創(chuàng)建客戶端Socket，指定服務(wù)器地址和端口

try {

Socket socket=new Socket("localhost",8888);

//2、獲取輸出流，向服務(wù)端發(fā)送信息

OutputStream os=socket.getOutputStream();//字節(jié)輸出流

PrintWriter pw=new PrintWriter(os);//將輸出流包裝為打印流

pw.write("用戶名：admin;密碼：123");

pw.flush();

socket.shutdownOutput();

//3、關(guān)閉資源

pw.close();

os.close();

socket.close();

服務(wù)端：

//1、創(chuàng)建一個(gè)服務(wù)器端Socket，即ServerSocket，指定綁定的端口，并監(jiān)聽(tīng)此端口

try {

ServerSocket serverSocket=new ServerSocket(8888);

//2、調(diào)用accept()方法開(kāi)始監(jiān)聽(tīng)，等待客戶端的連接

System.out.println("? 服務(wù)器即將啟動(dòng)，等待客戶端連接? ? ");

Socket socket=serverSocket.accept();

//3、獲取輸入流，并讀取客戶端信息

InputStream is=socket.getInputStream();

InputStreamReader isr=new InputStreamReader(is);

BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(isr);

String info=null;

while((info=br.readLine())!=null) {

System.out.println("我是服務(wù)器，客戶端傳遞信息："+info);

}

socket.shutdownInput();

//4、關(guān)閉服務(wù)器端

is.close();

isr.close();

br.close();

serverSocket.close();