大家在使用angularjs的时候，很容易忽略AngularJS自带指令的作用域问题，有一些指令会产生独立的自己作用域，造成子级无法与父级作用域双向绑定的问题。这些指令目前有<code>ng-include</code>、<code>ng-view</code>、<code>ng-switch</code>、<code>ng-repeat</code>。这样的原因是因为，这些指令虽然是AngularJS内部定义的，但是也是和<code>directive</code>实现的方法都是一样的，其内部使用的是<code>scope:true</code>的方式，子作用域继承了父级的作用，并且构建了一个独立的子作用域，所有双向绑定实现不了，只能单独实现子级作用域继承父级的属性。<p>
AngularJS的继承是通过javascript的原型继承方式实现的，进行原型继承即意味着父作用域在子作用域的原型链上。因为原型链的检索只会在属性检索的时候触发，不会在改变属性值的时候触发。所以我们需要把原始类型转换成对象，把值绑定在对象的属性上。<p>
示例.gif
大家可以在示例上看到，经过改造之后，就可以实现子级修改父级作用域的属性。原始类型只能继承父类的作用域。实现方法目前看有三种，下面一次来介绍<p>
通过给父级scope上添加<code>{}</code>来实现，把原始类型转换成对象。代码如下：
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" ng-app="childScope"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<script class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="lib/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<style>
.inputOne{ width: 100px; height: 50px; background: skyblue;
} .inner{ border: 1px solid skyblue; width: 200px; height: 150px;
} .outer{ border: 1px solid salmon; width: 200px; height: 150px;
} .sco{ background: skyblue;
} </style></head><body ng-controller="childCon">
<div class="inner">
<h3>父级作用域</h3>
<span>{{vm.private1}}</span>
<span>{{vm.private2}}</span>
</div>
<div class="outer">
<h3>自己作用域</h3>
<div class="one" ng-include class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="'one.html'"></div>
<div class="two" ng-include class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="'two.html'"></div>
</div></body><script>
var app=angular.module("childScope",['template'])
.controller("childCon",["$scope", function ($scope) { var vm=$scope.vm={};
vm.private1=12;
vm.private2=13;
$scope.test=123;
}]); var template=angular.module("template",[])
.run(["$templateCache", function ($templateCache) {
$templateCache.put("one.html","" + "<div><input type='text' ng-model='vm.private1'/></div>")
}])
.run(["$templateCache", function ($templateCache) {
$templateCache.put("two.html","" + "<div><input type='text' ng-model='vm.private2'/>" + "<div class='sco'><span>原始类型</span>{{test}}</div>" + "</div>")
}])</script></html>通过<code>controller as</code>语法来实现
<code>controller as</code>其实相当于controller的示例对象，原理还是把原始类型转换成对象类型。
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" ng-app="childScope"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<script class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="lib/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<style>
.inputOne{ width: 100px; height: 50px; background: skyblue;
} .inner{ border: 1px solid skyblue; width: 200px; height: 150px;
} .outer{ border: 1px solid salmon; width: 200px; height: 150px;
} .sco{ background: skyblue;
} </style></head><body ng-controller="childCon as vm">
<div class="inner">
<h3>父级作用域</h3>
<span>{{vm.private1}}</span>
<span>{{vm.private2}}</span>
</div>
<div class="outer">
<h3>自己作用域</h3>
<div class="one" ng-include class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="'one.html'"></div>
<div class="two" ng-include class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="'two.html'"></div>
</div></body><script>
var app=angular.module("childScope",['template'])
.controller("childCon",["$scope", function ($scope) { this.private1=12; this.private2=22;
$scope.test=123;
}]); var template=angular.module("template",[])
.run(["$templateCache", function ($templateCache) {
$templateCache.put("one.html","" + "<div><input type='text' ng-model='vm.private1'/></div>")
}])
.run(["$templateCache", function ($templateCache) {
$templateCache.put("two.html","" + "<div><input type='text' ng-model='vm.private2'/>" + "<div class='sco'><span>原始类型</span>{{test}}</div>" + "</div>")
}])</script></html>使用<code>$parent.name</code>调用内部方法来实现。
进行原型继承即意味着父作用域在子作用域的原型链上，这是JavaScript的特性。AngularJS的作用域还存在如下内部定义的关系：
<ul>
<li>scope.$parent指向scope的父作用域；</li>
<li>scope.$$childHead指向scope的第一个子作用域；</li>
<li>scope.$$childTail指向scope的最后一个子作用域；</li>
<li>scope.$$nextSibling指向scope的下一个相邻作用域；</li>
<li>scope.$$prevSibling指向scope的上一个相邻作用域；</li>
</ul>
通过在子级作用域中使用<code>scope.$parent.name</code>，来获取对父级作用域的双向绑定。
示例如下：
<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" ng-app="childScope"><head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title></title>
<script class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="lib/angular.min.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<style>
.inputOne{ width: 100px; height: 50px; background: skyblue;
} .inner{ border: 1px solid skyblue; width: 200px; height: 150px;
} .outer{ border: 1px solid salmon; width: 200px; height: 150px;
} .sco{ background: skyblue;
} </style></head><body ng-controller="childCon">
<div class="inner">
<h3>父级作用域</h3>
<span>{{private1}}</span>
<span>{{private2}}</span>
</div>
<div class="outer">
<h3>自己作用域</h3>
<div class="one" ng-include class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="'one.html'"></div>
<div class="two" ng-include class="lazyload" src="data:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAAEAAAABCAYAAAAfFcSJAAAAAXNSR0IArs4c6QAAAARnQU1BAACxjwv8YQUAAAAJcEhZcwAADsQAAA7EAZUrDhsAAAANSURBVBhXYzh8+PB/AAffA0nNPuCLAAAAAElFTkSuQmCC" data-original="'two.html'"></div>
</div></body><script>
var app=angular.module("childScope",['template'])
.controller("childCon",["$scope", function ($scope) {
$scope.private1=12;
$scope.private2=22;
$scope.test=123;
}]); var template=angular.module("template",[])
.run(["$templateCache", function ($templateCache) {
$templateCache.put("one.html","" + "<div><input type='text' ng-model='$parent.private1'/></div>")
}])
.run(["$templateCache", function ($templateCache) {
$templateCache.put("two.html","" + "<div><input type='text' ng-model='$parent.private2'/>" + "<div class='sco'><span>原始类型</span>{{test}}</div>" + "</div>")
}])</script></html>大家如果有什么疑问，欢迎提出来。<p>
作者：MakingChoice
链接：https://www.jianshu.com/p/ba9322bed9eb
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